By Randall S. Newton
Editor-in-Chief
It has been my good fortune over the years to be able to visit some of the world’s largest and most innovative architecture firms. The common thread behind every visit was their extensive use of software, but I noticed that each firm also had a visible and active physical model shop. The two most “out there” architecture firm known for their innovative use of design software (Foster and Partners; Gehry Partners) have the largest physical modeling shops I’ve seen anywhere. The artistic process at the heart of architecture demands physical, sensual feedback during the design process.
Thus it comes as no surprise to me that Z Corporation took the time this week to issue one of those “bragging about our customers” press releases that give most editors the willies. (I almost never publish articles based on them, but I like them because it gives a glimpse into the marketing mind of the company. Also, if I never see such PR from a company, I sometimes wonder how they are doing.)
Z Corp. makes affordable and popular multi-color 3D printers. (“Affordable” is a relative term here—affordable for a firm. At $19,990 for the base model, I won’t be buying one for my kids any time soon.) They transform computer models into actual 3D objects, letting firms create physical architectural models in a fraction of the time and at what Z Corp. and one of its clients say is a fraction of the cost of traditional crafting methods. Finished models feature high-definition detail and can display a full spectrum of colors.
Z Corp. eschews the term “rapid prototyping” to help it reach a larger audience. It is a compelling vision to be able to model on the computer and then click to have a physical version printed. In my office I keep a bearing printed on a Z Corp. 3D printer. When I show it to non-technical visitors, and explain how it was created, the reaction is always the same—jaw-dropping silence for a few seconds as they try to fit the concept to existing knowledge. Then the questions flow.
Ramboll Group is a $577 million Denmark-based engineering consultancy involved in many recent large projects in Scandinavia. They now regularly use 3D printed models to present building projects, collaborate with architects and win new business. “3D printing gives our prospective clients a good idea of our unique capabilities,” says Gita Monshizadeh, CAD development manager for Ramboll’s transport and infrastructure division. “We can create compelling presentations that give tangible substance to the superior Ramboll vision in full detail and multiple vibrant colors. The colors, the detail and the textures—down to the seams on a model of a masonry wall—establish our credibility immediately with the client and are quite convincing.”
For example, Ramboll recently needed to introduce a New York architect to the landscape around the planned Orestad district of Copenhagen, for which Ramboll has a multifaceted engineering contract. Rather than fly the architect to Denmark, Ramboll used its Z Corp. Spectrum Z 510 multi-color 3D printer to create a 3D model of the landscape and took it to a meeting with the architect in New York. The 3D model provided the architect with a clear and concise vision of the landscape that was almost as helpful as if he had visited the site. A site visit would have been far more time-consuming for all parties involved, and the model will be handy for the architect's reference throughout the project.
“Internally and externally, there's just something about a multi-color 3D model that stirs the passions in ways that a blueprint or computer file just can't,” Monshizadeh said. “For this reason, 3D printing has become a distinct competitive advantage for us, and ultimately, a tool that significantly benefits our customers.”
The Realization Group of Miami, Fla., uses its Z Corp. 3D printer to print 3D architectural models for its clients. “Speed is the key,” says Realization Group owner Rafael Tapanes. “I can take an order for a model today and drop it off with the customer tomorrow. News of this enhanced capability is spreading quickly by word of mouth. Cost is another factor. In addition to the low machine price, I can make a model for one-fourth the cost of stereolithography or laser-cutting.”
The Realization Group first started using 3D printing early this year, when a real estate developer was forced to make significant revisions to a downtown city block known as the Metropolitan Miami project (“The Met”), a mix of condos, stores and entertainment venues in the heart of downtown. The Realization Group produced physical models of the complex, including two towers that stand more than two feet tall each, well within a tight deadline for an important meeting with city officials. The same work would have cost four to six times as much to produce by stereolithography due to the premium for rush jobs. And it would have taken four times as long with traditional laser-cutting methods, meaning the deadline would have been missed.
In another example, the 3D printer became a profit center. A retail office and residential complex in nearby Coral Gables called Lancaster Plaza ordered a model of its premises for marketing purposes. Impressed by the speed, quality and the price of The Realization Group's work, the company the next day ordered 100 models—one for every new tenant. The Realization Group turned around the order in just two days.
“Architects cherish tradition and are appropriately skeptical about new technology,” said Tapanes. “We're earning their approval of 3D printing, however, by producing affordable high-quality models in record time. Clients who were dubious at first are now saying, ‘You did this? That big? That fast? For how much? Oh, wow, the detail looks good!'"
Gilberts is an architectural firm in Edinburgh, Scotland, noted for landmarks like the Pinnacle mixed-use development in Glasgow, the Leith Hospital preservation project and the Great Junction Street retail/residential space, as well as a large volume of ongoing contemporary residential developments.
Gilberts is using the Spectrum Z510 multicolor 3D printer for a wide range of applications, including presentation models for marketing, project models for commissioned work, and iterative models for internal design analysis. Large UK A/E firm Faber Maunsell recently commissioned a series of models from Gilberts to serve as showpieces in its offices throughout the country. Gilberts is also creating landscape models using GIS data and overlaying them with aerial photo images.
“We can print models in two hours versus the two weeks to two months it takes to create cardboard models that, while attractive enough, lack 3D printed models' durability,” says Kelvin Donaldson, one of the firm’s founders. “3D printed models also lend themselves to easy iteration because you can produce them from stored data, unlike cardboard models that have to be made from scratch every time. Our clients are impressed and 3D modeling is becoming a thriving business of its own within the firm.”